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National Quality Partners Playbook: Antibiotic Stewardship in Acute Care

National Quality Forum 2016
http://www.qualityforum.org/
Número: 2923 / Publicado em 11/10/2020 - 13:00

Antibiotics are powerful drugs to treat serious infections. However, decades of overprescribing and misuse have resulted in bacteria that are increasingly resistant to these potent drugs, creating a growing threat of new superbugs that are difficult, and sometimes even impossible, to treat. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), drug-resistant bacteria cause two million illnesses and 23,000 deaths annually. National Quality Forum's National Quality Partners (NQP) convened more than 25 experts and national stakeholders from the public and private sectors including patient advocates, infectious disease physicians, and pharmacists, and acute-care providers to develop National Quality Partners Playbook: Antibiotic Stewardship in Acute Care. The Playbook is designed to help hospitals and health systems strengthen existing antibiotic stewardship initiatives or create antibiotic stewardship programs from the ground up. Based on CDCs Core Elements of Hospital Antibiotic Stewardship Programs, NQPs Playbook offers practical strategies for implementing high-quality antibiotic stewardship programs in hospitals nationwide.

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Core Elements of Hospital Antibiotic Stewardship Programs

Thomas R. Frieden & Beth P. Bell
The National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases within the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2014
Número: 2922 / Publicado em 09/12/2016 - 09:35

This document summarizes core elements of successful hospital Antibiotic Stewardship Programs. It complements existing guidelines on ASPs from organizations including the Infectious Diseases Society of America in conjunction with the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America, American Society of Health System Pharmacists, and The Joint Commission. There is no single template for a program to optimize antibiotic prescribing in hospitals. The complexity of medical decision making surrounding antibiotic use and the variability in the size and types of care among U.S. hospitals require flexibility in implementation. However, experience demonstrates that antibiotic stewardship programs can be implemented effectively in a wide variety of hospitals and that success is dependent on defined leadership and a coordinated multidisciplinary approach.

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Antibiotic Guidelines - Treatment Recommendations For Adult Inpatients

Johns Hopkins Hospital
Antibiotic Guidelines 2015-2016
Número: 2921 / Publicado em 11/10/2020 - 13:03

Antibiotic resistance is now a major issue confronting healthcare providers and their patients. Changing antibiotic resistance patterns, rising antibiotic costs and the introduction of new antibiotics have made selecting optimal antibiotic regimens more difficult now than ever before. Furthermore, history has taught us that if we do not use antibiotics carefully, they will lose their efficacy. These guidelines are based on current literature reviews, including national guidelines and consensus statements, current microbiologic data from the Hopkins lab, and Hopkins faculty expert opinion. Faculty from various departments have reviewed and approved these guidelines. As you will see, in addition to antibiotic recommendations, the guidelines also contain information about diagnosis and other useful management tips.

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The Impact of Legalized Abortion on Crime

John J. Donohue III and Steven D. Levitt
The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. CXVI, Issue 2, May 2001
Número: 2920 / Publicado em 11/10/2020 - 13:02

We offer evidence that legalized abortion has contributed significantly to recent crime reductions. Crime began to fall roughly eighteen years after abortion legalization. The five states that allowed abortion in 1970 experienced declines earlier than the rest of the nation, which legalized in 1973 with Roe v. Wade. States with high abortion rates in the 1970s and 1980s experienced greater crime reductions in the 1990s. In high abortion states, only arrests of those born after abortion legalization fall relative to low abortion states. Legalized abortion appears to account for as much as 50 percent of the recent drop in crime.

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ADAPTE: uma ferramenta para adaptação de diretrizes na área da saúde. Revisão e avaliação crí­tica da literatura

Suely M. de Melo, Ricardo de Á. Oliveira, Thomas F. C. Pesavento, Letí­cia B. N. da Silva, Luanna G. Bueno, Carolina de O. Cruz, Mayara C. C. Tavares, Alexandre Mansur, Andrea C. Port, Paulo C. B. Freire, Rachel Riera
Diagn Tratamento. 2015;20(4):149-56
Número: 2919 / Publicado em 11/10/2020 - 13:06

O desenvolvimento de diretrizes na área da saúde é fundamental para tomadas de decisões clí­nicas e de gestão em saúde. O seu custo é elevado e demanda pessoal especializado. A ferramenta ADAPTE se propõe a adaptar diretrizes clínicas existentes para um diferente contexto ou situação, resultando em melhores práticas clí­nicas e de gestão em saúde para realidades locais.

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Febre de Chikungunya: Manejo Clínico

Ministério da Saúde 2014
http://www.saude.ce.gov.br/index.php/protocolos-de-tratamento
Número: 2918 / Publicado em 11/10/2020 - 13:08

A Febre de Chikungunya é uma arbovirose causada pelo ví­rus Chikungunya, da famí­lia Togaviridae e do gênero Alphavirus. A viremia persiste por até 10 dias após o surgimento das manifestações clí­nicas. A transmissão se dá através da picada de fêmeas dos mosquitos A. aegypti e A. albopictus infectadas pelo CHIKV.

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Prevenção da Infecção Hospitalar

Machado A, Ferraz AAB, Ferraz E, Arruda E, Nobre J, Konkewicz LR, Pimentel ML, Leão MTC, Trabasso P, Grimbaum R
Sociedade Brasileira de Infectologia - 2001
Número: 2917 / Publicado em 11/10/2020 - 13:12

As infecções hospitalares são as mais frequentes e importantes complicações ocorridas em pacientes hospitalizados. No Brasil, estima-se que 5% a 15% dos pacientes internados contraem alguma infecção hospitalar. Uma infecção hospitalar acresce, em média, 5 a 10 dias ao período de internação. Além disso, os gastos relacionados aos procedimentos diagnósticos e terapêuticos da infecção hospitalar fazem com que o custo seja elevado.

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Manual para Prevenção das Infecções Hospitalares

Cassettari, Valéria Chiaratto; Balsamo, Ana Cristina; Silveira, Isa Rodrigues
Hospital Universitário da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2009
Número: 2916 / Publicado em 11/10/2020 - 13:15

O objetivo deste manual é orientar os profissionais de saúde sobre as medidas básicas de prevenção das infecções hospitalares através de uma padronização clara e objetiva. Tratam-se de medidas simples, porém essenciais, sendo de execução obrigatória na rotina de um hospital. Assim, ao facilitar sua execução, este manual deve contribuir para o contí­nuo aprimoramento do atendimento hospitalar.

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Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Candidiasis: 2016 Update

Peter G. Pappas, Carol A. Kauffman, David R. Andes, Cornelius J. Clancy, Kieren A. Marr, Luis Ostrosky-Zeichner, Annette C. Reboli, Mindy G. Schuster, Jose A. Vazquez, Thomas J. Walsh, Theoklis E. Zaoutis, and Jack D. Sobel
Infectious Diseases Society of America
Número: 2915 / Publicado em 25/02/2016 - 08:49

Invasive infection due to Candida species is largely a condition associated with medical progress, and is widely recognized as a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the healthcare environment. There are at least 15 distinct Candida species that cause human disease, but >90% of invasive disease is caused by the 5 most common pathogens, C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis, and C. krusei.

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Sexually Transmitted Diseases Treatment Guidelines, 2010

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, GA
Número: 2914 / Publicado em 15/01/2016 - 17:08

Included in these updated guidelines is new information regarding 1) the expanded diagnostic evaluation for cervicitis and trichomoniasis; 2) new treatment recommendations for bacterial vaginosis and genital warts; 3) the clinical efficacy of azithromycin for chlamydial infections in pregnancy; 4) the role of Mycoplasma genitalium and trichomoniasis in urethritis/cervicitis and treatment-related implications; 5) lymphogranuloma venereum proctocolitis among men who have sex with men; 6) the criteria for spinal fluid examination to evaluate for neurosyphilis; 7) the emergence of azithromycin-resistant Treponema pallidum; 8) the increasing prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae; 9) the sexual transmission of hepatitis C; 10) diagnostic evaluation after sexual assault; and 11) STD prevention approaches.

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